Development and Understanding of Genetics and Evolution 1

1) The image shows a frill fin goby, which lives off the west coast of Panama, a narrow strip of land which separates the Pacific Ocean and Caribbean Sea and was formed 3.5 million years ago. This species of fish has a very close relative which lives off the eastern coast of Panama. Describe how the frill fin goby is adapted to its environment 2 Marks

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2) Explain how two different species of goby fish could have developed from an ancestral species of goby fish 6 Marks

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3) The process of speciation was only developed once Darwin’s theory of natural selection was widely acknowledged and understood. Explain why Darwin’s ideas were only gradually accepted 3 Marks

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4) Most of our ideas today about genetics and inheritance come from the work of Gregor Mendel on pea plants in the mid-19th century. He crossed purple-flowered and white-flowered plants and recorded the colours of the flowers of the peas in the offspring. Complete the Punnett-square to show the offspring produced when one heterozygous purple plant is crossed with a homozygous white plant. State the phenotypes in the offspring. 3 Marks

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5) How did Mendel explain the similarities observed between the colour of the flowers of the parents and the colour of the flowers of their offspring? 2 Marks

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Revision Resources 2023-24